The simplest and most common RFID system is undoubtedly the Unique standard operating in the frequency band 125kHz , in ASK modulation and Manchester coding, supporting only low speed data reading (2kb / s) from markers passive, marked with a 40-bit unique ID number already during their production. Unique transponders provide up to 64 bits of read-only data memory . This standard is very simple, cheap and works well in unrefined applications that do not require encrypted credentials, serving largely to support simple access control systems, working time registration (RCP) or loyalty systems. You should be aware that the unique numbering of Unique cards has long ceased to be unique, because so far more than 2 40 numbers have been created and it is likely that these numbers have started to duplicate. Of course, the chance that two cards with the same ID number will be included in the same application is extremely small, no less you should be aware of this probability.
Q5 also working in the 125kHz band is a development of the Unique standard with the ability to write transponders multiple times with user data, providing up to 256 bits of EEPROM memory divided into 8 blocks of 4 bytes. Memory block data can be password protected, and without entering it you cannot read or modify the Q5 transponder. It is possible to configure the Q5 application in such a way that a properly programmed transponder will only communicate with the reader who will provide him with the appropriate password. Without this authentication, no data will be read from the Q5 transponder.
A common feature of both standards is the lack of support for so-called anti-collision, so if, for example, two transponders of a given type are close to the reader field, the data of none of them will not be read due to mutual interference.
More information
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